Final answer:
The demand for hamburgers is uncertain when the price of a substitute good increases but the price of a complement good also increases, since these changes have opposing effects on demand. Without further information, we cannot predict for sure which effect will dominate. A graph illustrating this would depict the demand curve being pulled in both directions, with the actual outcome dependent on relative shifts.
Step-by-step explanation:
How Prices of Substitute and Complement Goods Affect Demand
When analyzing the market for any good, economists look at how changes in prices for related goods can affect demand. In the case of hamburgers, there are two related types of goods to consider: substitutes and complements. A substitute good, like hot dogs, is one that can replace another in consumption, whereas a complement good, like hamburger buns, is one that is typically consumed together with another good.
If the price of hot dogs, the substitute good, increases, consumers may turn away from hot dogs and increase their demand for hamburgers, because hamburgers would become relatively cheaper than hot dogs. However, if at the same time the price of hamburger buns, the complement good, also increases, this would make the overall cost of consuming a hamburger more expensive, possibly lowering the demand for hamburgers.
Therefore, the demand for hamburgers might either increase due to the increase in the price of the substitute, or decrease because of the rise in the price of the complement. The net effect on hamburger demand is uncertain without further information on consumers' preferences and the degree to which these goods are substitutes and complements. An illustrative graph would show the demand curve for hamburgers shifting to the right in response to the higher price of hot dogs and shifting to the left in response to the higher price of hamburger buns, with the actual demand change being determined by the relative magnitudes of these shifts.