Final answer:
Polypeptides are synthesized through a polymerization process called dehydration synthesis and broken down by hydrolysis. The correct answer to the polypeptide reaction question is B) Polymerization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Polypeptides are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They are synthesized through a process known as dehydration synthesis or condensation reactions, where amino acids are joined together, forming a peptide bond and releasing water in the process. This is a type of polymerization. Conversely, the breakdown of polypeptides into individual amino acids is achieved through hydrolysis, a reaction that involves the addition of water to break the bonds.
Thus, when referring to the formation of polypeptides, the correct process shown by a polypeptide reaction would be polymerization (Option B), while the breakdown process is termed hydrolysis (Option C).