Final answer:
The term that describes where something is located is known as 'absolute location,' referring to an exact point on the Earth's surface defined by latitude and longitude coordinates. In contrast, 'relative location' describes a place's position in relation to other places.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes where something is located is known as absolute location. This is an exact point on the earth's surface and is defined by a set of coordinates, namely latitude and longitude. These coordinates allow any location on Earth to be identified with a specific address in degrees north or south of the equator and east or west of the Prime Meridian. A good example of an absolute location is the address you might give for a pizza delivery, which enables the delivery person to find your exact location without confusion.
In contrast, relative location is a description of how a place is related to other places. For example, you might say that you live five minutes from the nearest supermarket or just north of the city park. This kind of location is useful for everyday references and comparisons but is not precise as the absolute location is.