Final answer:
People migrate for several reasons including economic opportunities, family reasons, political unrest, environmental challenges, and social conditions. Economic prospects and family reunification are significant 'pull factors', while political and environmental issues often act as 'push factors'.
Step-by-step explanation:
The factors that contribute to people's migration can be divided into various categories such as economic, social, environmental, and political. Among these, economic opportunities and family reasons are significant motivating factors. Economic incentives include the chance for better employment, increased income, or educational prospects, while family reasons may encompass joining family members who have already migrated or seeking better living conditions for one's family.
Moreover, political unrest, poverty, war, discrimination, and natural disasters are also powerful 'push factors' that drive individuals from their home country. Conversely, 'pull factors' such as better living conditions, job opportunities, and a stable political environment attract individuals to new locations.
Environmental changes and challenges, such as climate change and natural disasters, can also compel populations to move. For instance, rural populations often leave for urban areas in search of opportunities, and climate change is increasingly causing relocations from vulnerable regions like sub-Saharan Africa.