Final answer:
Lincoln was referring to the Unionists and Confederates when he spoke of 'one party would make war' and 'the other would accept war', which is represented by answer C. Unionists and Confederates. The Unionists were the northern states aiming to preserve the Union while the Confederates were the southern states that seceded to protect slavery.
Step-by-step explanation:
To whom was Lincoln referring in each part of the sentence "one party would make war" and "the other would accept war"? The correct answer is C. Unionists and Confederates. The Unionists, who largely constituted the northern states, were prepared to go to war to preserve the Union and prevent the spread of slavery. On the other hand, the Confederates, who were the southern states that seceded, were willing to accept war in order to defend their institution of slavery.
During this period, the Republican Party was divided, with some members opposing the war and others supporting it, especially as a means to end slavery. Conversely, the Democratic Party consisted of both Peace Democrats, or Copperheads, who were against the war and abolition, and War Democrats who eventually supported Lincoln's war policies. The term "Peace Democrats" was a label given to the group within the Democratic Party that opposed the Civil War and Lincoln's approach to ending slavery, with Clement Vallandingham as a prominent figure voicing this opposition.