Final answer:
European superiority in technology during the age of imperialism was due to a mix of cultural advancements, technological innovations, scientific discoveries, and economic influences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reasons for the superiority of the technology the Europeans possessed can be attributed to a combination of cultural advancements, technological innovation, scientific discoveries, and economic influences. Cultural advancements, such as those spurred by the Renaissance, propelled educational improvements and led to technological innovations benefiting exploration and imperialism. Technological innovations included improvement of navigational tools like the lateen sail and the magnetic compass, which allowed European sailors to find quicker routes to the East for luxury items and the cannons that provided military advantage.
Scientific discoveries, particularly those during the Industrial Revolution, led to an increase in European power, as advancements in medicine allowed Europeans to survive in tropical climates where they previously could not. Economic factors also played a significant role; Europe's access to fossil fuels provided unparalleled energy, enabling the mass production of goods and military equipment. The economic boom further strengthened the institutional structure of European states, as seen in the permanent colonies established overseas.