Final answer:
The earliest known culture in what is now Oklahoma and throughout North America is the Clovis culture. This Paleo-Indian era culture was famous for its Clovis points used to hunt megafauna, and emerged around 13,000 years ago. Evidence suggests these peoples migrated from Asia to Alaska via a land bridge, later developing agriculture during the Archaic and Woodland periods.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of the earliest culture throughout what is now Oklahoma and North America is known as the Clovis culture. Identified by the distinct Clovis point, this Paleo-Indian era culture is characterized by the tool's use in hunting large Pleistocene megafauna like the mammoth. The Clovis culture, named after the location of its first discovered evidence in Clovis, New Mexico, arose approximately 13,000 years ago. Scientific evidence supports the theory that they came across a land bridge from Asia to Alaska and spread throughout the continent. Despite the widespread adoption of the "Clovis first" paradigm, there is growing evidence of pre-Clovis cultures, which may push back the dates of earliest human occupation in North America even further.
Following the Paleo-Indian era, the Archaic and Woodland periods saw developments in plant domestication and beginnings of agriculture, notably in Mesoamerica and the Southeastern United States. This, combined with subsequent migration waves, led to the emergence of diverse cultural traditions across the Americas before European contact.