Final answer:
In human interaction, socialization is emphasized as it relates to the development of norms and behaviors necessary for societal participation. Temperament influences reactions to the environment, but socialization also shapes behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Regarding behavior and temperament, what is emphasized in the context of human interaction is b. Socialization. Socialization is the process by which individuals learn and adapt to the norms, rules, and behaviors necessary for participating within their own society. This is essential for the development of social skills and appropriate interpersonal behaviors. Temperament, which is partly innate, plays a role in how individuals react to the environment, but socialization experiences also significantly contribute to behavior.
Through the social-cognitive perspective, we understand that reciprocal determinism plays a significant role. Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory posits that behavior, cognitive processes, and context interact with one another. This means that while a child's behavior may be influenced by their temperament, the parenting style and environment will also have an effect on how a child's temperament is expressed. Cognitive learning and behavior conditioning are also part of how individuals learn to interact with others.