Final answer:
Assault charges could be brought in criminal court against the individuals involved in a fight if it was harmful and non-consensual. Additionally, the injured passerby could file a civil suit for damages due to negligence or intentional harm. Both types of legal actions are separate, and one does not preclude the other.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the scenario described, the charges that can be brought against individuals involved in an incident with an injured passerby, a fallen painter, and a subsequent fight depend on the specific details of the incident. However, generally speaking, in the criminal legal system, the government establishes rules and imposes punishments for acts that harm others, and these are categorized into felonies and misdemeanors. Assault charges could potentially be brought against one or both individuals involved in the fight if the altercation was non-consensual and caused harm, which would be handled in criminal court.
Simultaneously, the injured passerby might sue the painter or the individual involved in the fight for damages in a civil suit if there was negligence or intentional harm that resulted in the injury. This falls under civil law where one private party alleges harm committed by another. When considering legal actions both in criminal and civil court, the two processes are distinct, and being tried in one does not preclude being tried in the other due to the doctrine of double jeopardy which applies within the criminal law context but not between criminal and civil law.
In conclusion, without more information about the nature of the fight and the roles of the individuals involved, it's difficult to determine the specific charges; however, it is possible that assault charges could be brought in criminal court and a civil suit could be filed for damages related to the injury sustained by the passerby.