Final answer:
Individuals registered with the state and paid by interest groups to take action are called lobbyists. Their main role is to influence government policy on behalf of the interest groups they represent.
Step-by-step explanation:
When individuals are registered with the state and paid by interest groups to take action, they are called lobbyists. Lobbyists represent the interests of an organization before the government, are compensated for their actions, and are required to register with the government they lobby at, whether at the state or federal level. The primary goal of a lobbyist is to influence policy on behalf of the interest group that employs them. This can include monitoring legislative proposals, discussing bills with lawmakers, and informing both the interest group and the public about issues related to the group's goals.
For example, a corporation like Verizon might hire in-house lobbyists to advocate for a telecommunications policy that benefits their company. Similarly, an agricultural interest group might employ a lobbyist to promote the use of corn for biodiesel and track related legislative activity. In addition to influencing policy, interest groups and their lobbyists also keep an eye on government activity, foster political participation among members, and disseminate information to the public and policymakers.