Final answer:
The Power Supply Unit (PSU) provides DC voltage to various parts of a computer, converting AC from the wall into DC. Resistors are the circuit elements that typically dissipate power by converting electrical energy into heat. Conductors like copper facilitate the flow of electric current, while insulators prevent leakage of charge.
Step-by-step explanation:
The component that provides DC voltage to various parts of a computer is the Power Supply Unit (PSU). The PSU converts AC from the wall outlet into DC voltage, which is then distributed to the computer's components such as the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and storage drives. Other options like the RAM, motherboard, and CPU do not provide power but are recipients of power from the PSU.
When it comes to which circuit elements dissipate power, the answer is typically resistors. Resistors are designed to provide resistance in a circuit, which in turn leads to power dissipation, usually in the form of heat. Capacitors and inductors can also dissipate power but are generally not intended for that purpose.
Understanding the role of conductors and insulators is also crucial in a discussion about power in electronic devices. Conductors, like copper, allow electrons to move freely and thus carry electric current, while insulators prevent electric charge from leaking out, ensuring that the current flows where it is supposed to go.