Final answer:
Slash-and-burn agriculture, a method of shifting cultivation often practiced in rainforest areas, is where farmers clear forests for crop production.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of agriculture in which farmers clear forests to grow crops is known as slash-and-burn agriculture, which is a method used largely in tropical rainforest areas. Slash-and-burn is considered a form of shifting agriculture, where plots of land are farmed temporarily and then left to lie fallow as farmers move on to cultivate other plots. This practice is often associated with extensive horticulture, which involves farming multiple plots over extensive territory with minimal labor effort, making it calorically efficient but also a contributor to deforestation.