Final answer:
Al-Khwarizmi contributed to Mathematics by developing algebra and introducing Arabic numerals, including the concept of zero, to the Islamic world.
Step-by-step explanation:
The prominent contributions of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi in the field of Mathematics are mainly in the development of algebra and the introduction of the decimal number system. His algebra treatise, The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing, is one of his most recognized works, reflecting the advanced mathematical scholarship of the Islamic Golden Age. This book formalized algebra as a distinct discipline, setting the foundation for subsequent developments in the field.
Additionally, al-Khwarizmi played a pivotal role in the introduction of Arabic numerals to the Islamic world, which were based on the Indian number system, including the concept of zero. The introduction of this numbering system significantly transformed mathematics by simplifying computation and making more complex mathematical concepts accessible.