Final answer:
The thalamus is the brain structure that relays visual information from the eyes to the visual cortex. It acts as a processing and relay station for nearly all sensory information, excluding the sense of smell.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is D) Thalamus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The brain structure that relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex is the thalamus. The thalamus serves as a central hub for sensory information; it processes and transmits visual signals to the appropriate regions of the cerebral cortex. All sensory information, with the exception of smell, must pass through the thalamus on its way to the cortex for further processing.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is D) Thalamus.