Final answer:
The correct encoding for an instructor is 1 and for a learner is 0, so the answer is a) Instructor = 1, Learner = 0. This is a form of binary encoding used in computers and technology.
Step-by-step explanation:
To encode the roles of an instructor and a learner, we assign a numeric value to each role. According to the question, the encoder is defining an instructor with a role of 1 and a learner with a role of 0. Therefore, the correct encoding would be:
a) Instructor = 1, Learner = 0
This encoding uses what is known as binary encoding, where each role is represented by a binary digit (bit). In this case, '1' represents the instructor and '0' represents the learner. This kind of encoding is often used in computer programming and data processing to simplify and standardize the representation of different roles or states within a system.