Final answer:
The four major biological macromolecules are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four main types of macromolecules found in living organisms are:
- Proteins: Proteins play a crucial role in various biological processes. They are made up of amino acids and are involved in functions like cell structure, transport, and enzyme activity.
- Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for living organisms. They include sugar, starch, and fiber and are essential for cellular respiration and metabolism.
- Lipids: Lipids are hydrophobic molecules that include fats, oils, and waxes. They serve as the building blocks of cell membranes, insulation, and energy storage.
- Nucleic Acids: Nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. They play a vital role in protein synthesis and the functioning of cells.