Final answer:
The distribution coefficient of benzoic acid in water and ether reflects its solubility in these solvents, where qualitative understanding suggests it would be greater than 1, considering ether's nonpolarity compared to water. The correct answer is not mentioned.
Step-by-step explanation:
The distribution coefficient of benzoic acid in water and ether refers to the ratio of concentrations of benzoic acid in these two immiscible solvents at equilibrium. To arrive at the answer, we must consider the nature of benzoic acid in water. In a saturated solution, benzoic acid is largely present as hydrated neutral molecules with only about 5% being dissociated into benzoate ions and protons at 25°C. This is vital to understanding its behavior when in contact with ether.
To determine which of the given options (A) 0.5, (B) 1.0, (C) 1.5, or (D) 2.0 represents the correct distribution coefficient, experimental data or established reference values are typically required. Given that benzoic acid is more soluble in ether than in water, and considering the principle of like dissolves like, where nonpolar substances tend to dissolve better in nonpolar solvents (like ether) than in polar solvents (like water), we would expect the distribution coefficient to be greater than 1. However, without the specific experimental data and just based on qualitative understanding, it is not possible to confidently select the correct answer from the provided options.