Final answer:
The true statement for homologous chromosomes is that they are of the same size and shape. They are not genetically identical due to the presence of different alleles but are inherited from both parents.
Step-by-step explanation:
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same size and shape, contain the same genes, but they may have different alleles (variants of those genes) because they are inherited from both the mother and the father. The matching pair consists of one chromosome from each parent, explaining why siblings can have variations of a trait. While they are a matched pair concerning size, shape, and gene location, homologous chromosomes may carry different genetic information, which accounts for genetic diversity.
To address the statement in question, (B) is correct because homologous chromosomes are indeed characterized by the same size and shape. However, they are not identical in their genetic information due to different alleles, and they represent a combination of genetic material inherited from both parents.