Final answer:
It is true that even small island societies developed significant social hierarchies, as seen through archeological evidence and the social structures of larger civilizations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that even small island societies developed significant social hierarchies is true. Evidence from archeological investigations, such as those at Catal Huyuk, indicate that social stratification was present from ancient times. Some individuals were buried with jewelry and wealth while others with little to nothing, showing a clear division between rich and poor. This hierarchy is also observed in larger civilizations, where the structure of society and the specialization of labor reinforced the existing social hierarchies, with officials such as priests and kings commanding power over their subjects.