Final answer:
Taylorism primarily aimed to improve industrial production by applying scientific principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The aspect of business that Taylorism primarily aimed to improve by applying scientific principles was industrial production. Taylorism, also known as scientific management, sought to improve productivity by reducing wasteful movements and increasing efficiency in the workplace.
Frederick Winslow Taylor, the proponent of scientific management, believed that careful study of every aspect of the production processes could eliminate unnecessary steps and wasted motions, leading to improved industrial production.