Final answer:
A dynamite blast at a quarry most commonly launches rocks, utilizing the chemical potential energy of nitroglycerin, which releases energy rapidly as gases expand when ignited.
Step-by-step explanation:
A dynamite blast at a quarry typically launches rocks due to the explosive reaction that occurs when dynamite is ignited. Dynamite is a tool that contains a major component called nitroglycerin, which is a very unstable material with high chemical potential energy. When it is detonated, the chemical reaction results in a rapid expansion of gases and the release of a significant amount of heat. This sudden outburst of energy breaks apart the surrounding rock and can send material flying through the air. The safety and effectiveness of dynamite have been enhanced by mixing nitroglycerin with diatomaceous earth to make it less sensitive to physical shocks.
Eighteenth century developments like gunpowder and later innovations like nitrocellulose and dynamite set the stage for modern explosives which are now carefully used in fields such as mining and construction. Activated by a spark or sometimes by mechanical impact, the resultant explosion is a rapid oxidation process producing heat, light, and a loud noise.