Final answer:
The consistent statement with the second law of thermodynamics is that entropy always increases in a closed system. This law relates to spontaneous processes and posits an inevitable increase in disorder and unavailability of energy for work.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics is: B. Entropy in a closed system always increases. This is because the second law states that the total entropy of a system either increases or remains constant in any spontaneous process; it never decreases. Specifically, heat energy spontaneously transfers from higher- to lower-temperature objects, and it is this flow of heat which results in an increase in entropy. This occurs because the change in entropy (ΔS) is proportional to the heat transferred over temperature (Q/T), and a larger change occurs at lower temperatures due to the smaller T.
As heat moves from a hot object to a cold one, the entropy decrease in the hot object is lesser than the entropy increase in the cold object, leading to a net increase in entropy for the system as a whole.The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a system either increases or remains constant in any spontaneous process; it never decreases.An important implication of this law is that heat transfers energy spontaneously from higher- to lower-temperature objects, but never spontaneously in the reverse directionTherefore, the statement consistent with the second law of thermodynamics is B. Entropy in a closed system always increases.