Final Answer:
The balanced equation for the decomposition of ammonium carbonate (NH₄)₂CO₃ when heated is:
(NH₄)₂CO₃ → 2 NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O
Explanation:
When ammonium carbonate ((NH₄)₂CO₃) is subjected to heat, it decomposes into ammonia (NH₃), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and water vapor (H₂O). The chemical equation representing this decomposition reaction is (NH₄)₂CO₃ → 2 NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O. This equation follows the law of conservation of mass, ensuring that the number of atoms of each element remains the same on both sides of the equation.
Ammonium carbonate breaks down into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water vapor due to the heat-induced decomposition of the compound. The reaction signifies the splitting of ammonium carbonate into its constituent molecules. It's important to note that the coefficients in front of each molecule (2 NH₃, CO₂, H₂O) ensure the equation obeys the conservation of mass, reflecting an equal number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.
The balanced equation demonstrates the stoichiometry of the reaction, revealing the ratio of reactants and products involved in the decomposition process. It provides a clear representation of the molecular changes occurring during the thermal decomposition of ammonium carbonate, elucidating the formation of ammonia gas, carbon dioxide gas, and water vapor as the resultant products.