Final answer:
The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water depends on the height of the liquid, as it determines the weight of the water above, which influences pressure. Changes in pressure are uniformly transmitted through the liquid, as stated by Pascal's principle, and the total pressure at the bottom includes the atmospheric pressure and any additional applied pressures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does indeed depend on the height of the liquid - not the shape of the container or any of the other factors mentioned. This is because the fluid pressure at a point is determined by the weight of water above it, which correlates directly with the height of the liquid column. The pressure at the bottom of a jug can be thought of as the weight of the water column above that point per unit area.
According to the principles of fluid statics, Pascal's principle states that changes in pressure on the surface of a fluid are transmitted equally throughout the fluid. Hence, adding weight to a piston placed over water in a container increases the pressure by the amount of the added weight divided by the area (Mg/A). This additional pressure is similarly felt at the bottom of the container.
The pressure at the bottom is the sum of the atmospheric pressure plus the pressure due to the height of the fluid column, and potentially any externally applied pressures. In an exposed container, atmospheric pressure will also be a contributing factor, but within a rigid, closed container, only the fluid's own pressure is considered.