Carbohydrates serve as a source of energy, lipids have multiple roles including energy storage, proteins have diverse functions, and nucleic acids store genetic information.
Carbohydrates:
Carbohydrates serve as a primary source of energy for the body. They are broken down into glucose, which is used by cells to produce ATP, the energy currency of the body. Examples of carbohydrates include sugars, starches, and fiber.
Lipids:
Lipids play multiple roles in the body. They serve as a long-term energy storage molecule, insulation and protection for organs, and as a component of cell membranes. Examples of lipids include fats, oils, and cholesterol.
Proteins:
Proteins have a diverse range of functions in the body, including acting as enzymes, transport molecules, antibodies, and structural components. They are made up of amino acids and are involved in nearly all cellular processes. Examples of proteins include enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.
Nucleic Acids:
Nucleic acids are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in cells. DNA and RNA are the two main types of nucleic acids. DNA carries the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms, while RNA is involved in protein synthesis.