Final answer:
The new speed of the avocado after it is struck by the mango is calculated to be 2.25 m/s using the principle of conservation of momentum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject here is physics, involving concepts of momentum and collisions. In the given scenario, we are looking at a problem where a mango with mass 0.15 kg and velocity 2 m/s collides with an avocado at rest with mass 0.1 kg, and after the collision, the mango has a new velocity of 0.5 m/s. We can use the principle of conservation of momentum to find the new speed of the avocado.
Conservation of momentum states that the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision when no external forces are involved. The formula for momentum (p) is p = mv, where m is mass and v is velocity.
Applying this principle, we have:
(mango's mass × mango's initial velocity) + (avocado's mass × avocado's initial velocity) = (mango's mass × mango's final velocity) + (avocado's mass × avocado's final velocity)
Let's plug in the given values:
(0.15 kg × 2 m/s) + (0.1 kg × 0 m/s) = (0.15 kg × 0.5 m/s) + (0.1 kg × avocado's final velocity)
0.3 kg·m/s = 0.075 kg·m/s + (0.1 kg × avocado's final velocity)
Now, solving for the avocado's final velocity gives us:
avocado's final velocity = (0.3 kg·m/s - 0.075 kg·m/s) / 0.1 kg = 2.25 m/s
So, the new speed of the avocado after the collision is 2.25 m/s.