Final answer:
The basic principles of the Constitution that apply to each statement include separation of powers, judicial interpretation, equal protection under the law, legislative power, checks and balances, and judicial review.
Step-by-step explanation:
1) The basic principle of the Constitution that applies to the statement is separation of powers. This principle ensures that the powers of government are divided among three branches: the legislative branch (Congress), the executive branch (the President), and the judicial branch (Supreme Court). By having the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court preside over a Presidential impeachment trial, it ensures an impartial process and maintains the checks and balances within the government.
2) The basic principle of the Constitution that applies to the statement is judicial interpretation. The Supreme Court's role in upholding the results of the 2000 Presidential election in Florida is an example of the Court's power to interpret and apply the Constitution. This power allows the Court to ensure that the actions of the government adhere to the Constitution and its rules.
3) The basic principle of the Constitution that applies to the statement is equal protection under the law. The Supreme Court's interpretation of the 14th Amendment, which allowed for separate facilities as long as they were equal, demonstrated the evolving nature of constitutional interpretation. Over time, the Court's interpretation of equal protection under the law has changed, leading to the desegregation of public facilities.
4) The basic principle of the Constitution that applies to the statement is legislative power. Congress, as outlined in Article I of the Constitution, has the power to pass laws, including new healthcare legislation. This demonstrates the legislative branch's authority to make policy decisions and create laws for the country.
5) The basic principle of the Constitution that applies to the statement is checks and balances. The President negotiates treaties, but Congress has the power to ratify or refuse to ratify these treaties. This balance of power ensures that no single branch of government has excessive authority and allows for the system of checks and balances to function.
6) The basic principle of the Constitution that applies to the statement is judicial review. The Supreme Court hearing oral arguments over a court case exemplifies its power of judicial review. This power allows the Court to interpret and apply the Constitution to specific cases, ensuring that the actions of individuals, organizations, and government entities align with constitutional principles.