Final answer:
The telescope of an astronomical observatory can move in both horizontal and vertical axes, allowing it to track celestial objects as the Earth rotates. Modern examples include the Hale and Gemini North telescopes, equipped with motorized drive systems and housed in protective domes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The telescope of an astronomical can be moved both horizontally and vertically to observe various objects in the night sky. Modern reflecting telescopes such as the 5-meter Hale telescope located on Palomar Mountain and the 8-meter Gemini North telescope have complex mounting structures that allow for easy positioning.
These telescopes are equipped with a motorized drive system to counteract the Earth's rotation, ensuring that they can maintain a steady focus on the celestial objects being observed. A dome houses the telescope to protect it from the elements, with an opening that moves along with the telescope to avoid blocking its view.