Final answer:
The Great Compromise resolved the dispute between large and small states during the Constitutional Convention by creating a bicameral Congress with proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, was a pivotal agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. The debate began with the Virginia Plan, which favored large states, proposing a bicameral legislature with representation based on population. Small states supported the New Jersey Plan, seeking equal representation regardless of size.
The Great Compromise, devised by Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut, successfully merged these two plans. It established a bicameral Congress with proportional representation in the House of Representatives based on state population and equal representation in the Senate, with two senators from each state, appeasing both large and small states and shaping the federal structure of the United States.