Final answer:
Alea's estimate of the number of grains of sand on the beach is 2500 times greater than Carlos's estimate.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find out how many times greater Alea's estimate of the number of grains of sand is than Carlos's estimate, we need to divide Alea's estimate by Carlos's estimate.
Alea's estimate: 5 × 10^15 grains of sand
Carlos's estimate: 2 × 10^12 grains of sand
We divide Alea's estimate by Carlos's estimate:
(5 × 10^15) / (2 × 10^12) = (5/2) × (10^15 / 10^12)
This simplifies to:
(5/2) × 10^3
So, Alea's estimate is 2.5 × 10^3, or 2500 times greater than Carlos's estimate.