Final answer:
Adhocracy cultures are marked by the empowerment of employees to take risks, innovate, and drive change within an organization to adapt swiftly to market or environmental changes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Adhocracy Cultures
Adhocracy cultures are characterized by their ability to empower employees to take initiative and make decisions that can drive innovation within an organization. Unlike bureaucracies, which operate on a rigid structure of rules and hierarchy, adhocracies thrive on the creativity and risk-taking of their employees. They are flexible and adapt quickly to changes in the market or environment. This can often lead to higher levels of employee satisfaction as individuals feel valued and integral to the organization's success.
One of the main benefits of an adhocracy is its emphasis on entrepreneurial behavior. Employees in these cultures are encouraged to experiment, innovate, and take responsibility for their projects. This can accelerate development and help the organization stay ahead of the competition in rapidly changing industries. However, this empowerment comes with the need for proper support and resources to allow employees to effectively take these risks.
Thus, the correct option for the question "Adhocracy cultures" is (c) empower employees to take risks. While there is a focus on productivity, profit, and customer satisfaction in all business cultures, the defining feature of an adhocracy is the empowerment of employees to experiment and take initiative, a factor which differentiates it from other types of organizational cultures.