Final answer:
Polyphony is defined as a musical texture that combines two or more independent melodic lines in a manner where they are set in counterpoint to each other. It is characteristic of the Renaissance period and involves complex harmonic structures. The correct option describing polyphony is 'a. It combines two or more different melodic lines.'
Step-by-step explanation:
Polyphony is a musical texture characterized by the combination of two or more independent melodic lines, which are interwoven to create a complex harmonic structure. This polyphonic texture marked a significant shift during the Renaissance period as it moved away from the simpler monophonic textures of the Medieval period. In polyphonic music, each voice or melodic line has its own distinct melody that harmonizes with the others yet maintains its independence.
The definition of polyphony in music encompasses several aspects. Firstly, it includes a combination of two or more melodic lines, which interact with each other. Secondly, these melodic lines are often set in counterpoint, meaning they are independent in rhythm and contour but are harmonically compatible. Counterpoint is essential in polyphonic music and is a technique where each voice moves independently while still creating a harmonious sound when combined. Lastly, polyphony differs from homophony, where a single voice takes the lead melody, and accompanying voices provide support or background harmony.
The complexity of this form of music not only requires skill in composition but also in performance, as larger ensembles and various instruments need to blend well together. The renowned beauty of Renaissance polyphony lies in its rich textural interplay, with each voice adding to the sonic tapestry in its own unique way.
Considering the options provided in the question, the answer to "which of the following describes polyphony?" would be: a. It combines two or more different melodic lines.