Final answer:
The evidence supporting endosymbiosis theory includes mitochondria and chloroplasts having their own DNA, similar to bacterial DNA, and their double membranes, hinting at a symbiotic origin with a host eukaryotic cell. The correct option is e. the fact that mitochondria and chloroplast have their own DNA.
Step-by-step explanation:
The evidence that supports the endosymbiosis theory includes several key observations about mitochondria and chloroplasts. Among these observations is that mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is similar to bacterial DNA both in sequence and chromosomal structure. This suggests that these organelles originated from free-living bacteria that entered into a symbiotic relationship with early eukaryotic cells.
Additionally, mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes, which is consistent with the idea that they were once engulfed by a host cell. The internal membrane is thought to be the original bacterial membrane, while the outer membrane is from the host eukaryotic cell. This is further supported by similarities in ribosomal structures between mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria. Moreover, the replication process of these organelles through binary fission is also remarkably similar to bacterial cell division.
Thus, the correct answer that supports the endosymbiosis theory is e. the fact that mitochondria and chloroplast have their own DNA.