Final answer:
The total sizes of the structures st1, st2, and st3, assuming common alignment requirements, are 22, 24, and 24 bytes respectively. This calculation takes into account the sizes of arrays within the structures and the usual padding for alignment. The correct option is (c).
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves calculating the total size of structures in the C programming language. The sizes of structures can vary based on alignment and padding added by the compiler. However, without considering potential padding and alignment, we can calculate the size based on the sum of the sizes of the constituent types.
- struct st1: It contains a character array of 19 bytes and a short (which is usually 2 bytes). Thus, the total size would be 19 + 2 = 21 bytes. However, structures are often padded to align on particular byte boundaries. Assuming that a short requires alignment on a 2-byte boundary, there would be 1 byte of padding after the char array. This makes the total size 22 bytes.
- struct st2: It contains an integer array of 3 integers (with an int typically being 4 bytes each), a character array of 8 bytes, and a short array with 1 element (2 bytes). This totals to 3*4 + 8 + 1*2 = 24 bytes. There's no need for additional padding within this structure.
- struct st3: It contains a character array of 5 bytes, an integer array with 2 elements (4 bytes each), and a short array of 3 elements (2 bytes each). This adds up to 5 + 2*4 + 3*2 = 21 bytes. Considering padding for alignment, the total size could be 24 bytes.
So, the correct answer for the total size of the structures sti, st2, and st3 is 22, 24, and 24 bytes, respectively, which is option (c). However, please note this assumes particular alignment requirements of the C compiler, and actual results may vary based on specific system architecture or compiler settings.