Final answer:
Flagellants were individuals who self-flagellated to atone for sins during the Black Death; they created mass hysteria but were later condemned by the Pope and did not remain popular throughout the fourteenth century.
Step-by-step explanation:
The flagellants were groups of people who, during the Black Death, engaged in public displays of penance by whipping themselves. They believed that the plague was a divine punishment and that by punishing themselves, they could appease God and spare humanity from the disease. Initially, their practices attracted attention and some support from communities looking for a solution to the plague.
Over time, however, with their harsh critique of the clergy and radical actions, notably anti-Semitic violence, the flagellants were eventually condemned by the Catholic Church. By 1349, Pope Clement VI officially denounced the movement, which over time waned and did not remain popular throughout the fourteenth century. In conclusion, considering the information provided, the flagellants did not maintain their popularity, nor were they praised by the Catholic Church; hence, the correct answer is that they attracted attention and created mass hysteria wherever they went.