Final answer:
The media scholar is examining message effects, which study the educational and social impacts of television content, like Sesame Street, on children's second-grade performance compared to SpongeBob SquarePants.
Step-by-step explanation:
The media scholar is looking for message effects, which refer to the impact of the content of a message, such as a television show, on individuals' attitudes, emotions, and behaviors. This research would aim to determine if a particular program like Sesame Street influences children's educational performance in contrast to children who regularly watch SpongeBob SquarePants. Message effects are a critical area of study since they provide insight into the educational and social impacts of media on young audiences.
Understanding message effects is important for educators, parents, and policymakers as they assess the value and potential influence of children's programming. The scholar's investigation ties into broader concerns about how media, and more specifically media content, shape children's learning and socialization. The theory behind such research draws on various studies conducted since the 1930s that suggest media not only entertain but also serve to educate and socialize their audiences about norms, values, and behaviors.