Final answer:
Nataly's Flower Shop is likely to encounter aggressive competition from European flower shops due to market dependence and liability of foreignness (option 1). This is typical in a monopolistic competitive market when a new player enters and existing firms respond to protect their market share.
Step-by-step explanation:
In examining the strategic action of Nataly's Flower Shop entering the European market through franchising, it's most likely that Nataly's will face aggressive responses from European flower shops due to market dependence and the liability of foreignness. This competitive landscape is influenced by monopolistic competitors and the dynamic of market entry, where existing competitors respond to protect their market share, as seen when an incumbent airline slashes prices to drive out new entrants.
The liability of foreignness refers to the disadvantages that foreign firms encounter in a new market, such as different consumer preferences, unfamiliar legal and economic environments, and nationalistic preferences by consumers for local firms. The market dependence of existing European flower shops makes them likely to protect their market share zealously against new entrants like Nataly's.