Final answer:
Political parties can be reformed through all proposed measures, such as reducing muscle power, money in politics, and introducing state funding for elections, to ensure fairer electoral processes and diminish excessive individual or organizational influence.
Step-by-step explanation:
Political parties can be reformed by all of the above: reducing the role of muscle power, reducing the role of money, and through state funding of elections. These reforms aim to create a more level playing field and a fairer political process.
Reducing the influence of muscle power ensures that elections are conducted in a free and fair manner, where coercion and violence do not sway electoral outcomes. Limiting the role of money in politics is aimed at preventing affluent individuals and organizations from having an excessive influence on election results and policy making.
State funding of elections helps to equalize the financial resources available to candidates, fostering greater competition and reducing the dependency on private donations that may come with strings attached.
Campaigns once primarily organized by party organizations, have shifted towards more candidate-centered approaches, reducing party influence. The modern complexities of the U.S. political system demand that parties build broader coalitions and navigate diverse political landscapes, setting the stage for possible reforms to address challenges such as fundraising demands and the rise of media influence in political campaigns.