Final answer:
The incorrect objective of Industrial Relations is to encourage conflict. IR goals are to establish a constructive partnership between employees and employers, aimed at industrial democracy, positive relationships, and improved productivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The objective of Industrial Relations (IR) that is not valid amongst the given options is (a) Encourage conflict. Industrial Relations aim to foster a harmonious relationship between employees and employers. The objectives typically include establishing industrial democracy, fostering sound relationships, and raising productivity. The idea is to create an environment where workers and management can collaboratively work towards the success of the organization.
For example, in the context of scientific management, the goal was primarily to increase workers' efficiency, not necessarily to raise workers' pay. Whereas modernization theory suggests that the primary driver is industrialization, not conflict. Progressives focused on various areas, including business regulation and social justice, but not necessarily on encouraging conflict.
Industrial relations are concerned with the system, rules, and procedures used by unions and employees to determine the reward for effort and other conditions of employment, safeguard the interests of the employees and their employer and regulate how employers treat their employees.