Question

Give the iupac names of the following compounds.

[CrCl₂(H₂O)₄]

Answer 1

The IUPAC name for the complex [CrCl₂(H₂O)₄] is tetraaquadichlorochromium(III), indicating the presence of four water molecules and two chloride ions coordinated to a chromium ion with an oxidation state of +3.

Step-by-step explanation:

The compound [CrCl₂(H₂O)₄] is a coordination complex which consists of a central chromium ion surrounded by two chloride ions and four water molecules. When naming such compounds, the following rules are applied in accordance with International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) guidelines:

• Ligands are named before the central atom.
• For neutral ligands, the molecule's regular name is usually acceptable.
• Anionic ligands are named by taking the element's root and adding the suffix '-ido'.
• The central atom's name follows the ligands, and if there's a charge on the entire complex, the oxidation state of the central atom is included in parentheses.
• If the complex is an anion, the name of the central metal ends with the suffix '-ate'.

In the given compound, chromium is the central metal ion and it has a neutral charge in the entire complex, with two chloride ions and four water (aqua) ligands. The correct IUPAC name for [CrCl₂(H₂O)₄] is tetraaquadichlorochromium(III). The oxidation state of chromium is +3 because each chloride ion provides a -1 charge and the complex is neutral.

Answer 2

The IUPAC name for [CrCl₂(H₂O)₄] is tetraaquadi(chlorido)chromium(III), following the IUPAC rules for naming coordination compounds.

Step-by-step explanation:

The IUPAC naming system is a set of standardized rules to name chemical compounds systematically. One such rule is for naming coordination compounds, like [CrCl₂(H₂O)₄]. This is a complex where chromium is the central metal ion coordinated by two chloride anions and four water molecules. According to the IUPAC rules, ligands are named first, in alphabetical order, followed by the metal cation. When naming water as a ligand, we use the term 'aqua,' and for chloride, we use 'chlorido.' Also, the oxidation state of the central metal ion must be included in the name.

The proper IUPAC name for [CrCl₂(H₂O)₄] would be tetraaquadi(chlorido)chromium(III), where 'tetraaqua' represents the four water molecules, 'di(chlorido)' indicates the two chloride ions, and 'chromium(III)' signifies the central metal, chromium, with an oxidation state of +3. The oxidation state is determined based on the known charges of the ligands and the overall neutrality of the complex.