Question

Electromagnetic waves with wavelength

(i) λ₁ is used in satellite communication.
(ii) λ₂ is used to kill germs in water purifies.
(iii) λ₃ is used to detect leakage of oil in underground pipelines.
(iv) λ₄ is used to improve visibility in runways during fog and mist conditions

Identify and name the part of electromagnetic spectrum to which these radiations belong?

Answer 1

The specific parts of the electromagnetic spectrum for each application are microwaves or radio waves for satellite communication, ultraviolet light to kill germs, infrared for oil leak detection, and radio waves to improve runway visibility in fog.

Step-by-step explanation:

The identification of the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum specified in the question for their respective applications can be determined as follows:

1. Satellite communication typically uses microwaves or certain high-frequency radio waves. Microwaves are a subset of radio waves with wavelengths ranging from approximately one meter to one millimeter.
2. Wavelength used to kill germs in water purifiers is generally associated with ultraviolet (UV) light. UV light has strong germicidal properties and is therefore used for disinfection purposes.
3. The detection of oil leakages in underground pipelines often employs infrared (IR) technology, as IR can detect variations in heat, which would be indicative of a leakage.
4. Visibility on runways during fog and mist can be improved with the use of radio waves, particularly those in the lower frequency range which can penetrate such atmospheric conditions better than higher frequency waves.

Each category of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum has distinct characteristics and uses, determined by their wavelength, frequency, and energy levels.