Question

Given below are two statements:

Statement 1: A mixture of chloroform and aniline can be separated by simple distillation.
Statement 2: When separating aniline from a mixture of aniline and water by steam distillation aniline boils below its boing point.

In the light of the above statements , choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

A. Statement 1 is true , statement 2 is false
B. Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true
C. Both statement 1 and 2 are false
D. Statement 1 is false , statement 2 is true

Answer 1

Both statements are true: simple distillation can separate chloroform and aniline, and steam distillation allows aniline to vaporize below its normal boiling point when mixed with water. The correct option is B.

Step-by-step explanation:

When assessing whether the statements about separating mixtures using distillation are true or false, we have the following analysis:

Statement 1 suggests a mixture of chloroform and aniline can be separated by simple distillation. Since chloroform (boiling point 61.2 °C) and aniline (boiling point 184.4 °C) have different boiling points, simple distillation can be used to separate them, as the process relies on the differences in boiling points to separate the components of the mixture. Therefore, Statement 1 is true.

Statement 2 focuses on the separation of aniline from a mixture with water through steam distillation and suggests that aniline boils below its boiling point in the process. This statement is also true; steam distillation allows substances to vaporize at temperatures lower than their normal boiling points by utilizing steam, which reduces the partial vapor pressure of the liquid mixture.

Given these explanations, we can determine that the correct answer here is option B: Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true.