Question

Given below are the steps involved in the formation of crude petroleum.

(I) Sediment is subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years.
(II) Dead plants and animals are buried under layers of sediment.
(III) The hydrocarbons are trapped in porous rocks.
(IV) Crude petroleum is extracted from the rocks.
(V) The organic matter is converted into hydrocarbons.
Arrange these steps in the correct order of formation.
(a) II - I - V - III - IV
(b) II - V - I - III - IV
(c) I - II - III - V - IV
(d) I - III - II - IV - V

Answer 1

The correct sequence for the formation of crude petroleum is (a) II - V - I - III - IV, where dead organic matter is buried, converted to hydrocarbons, subjected to heat and pressure, trapped in rocks, and finally extracted.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct order of the steps involved in the formation of crude petroleum is as follows:

1. Dead plants and animals are buried under layers of sediment.
2. The organic matter is converted into hydrocarbons.
3. Sediment is subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years.
4. The hydrocarbons are trapped in porous rocks.
5. Crude petroleum is extracted from the rocks.

Therefore, the correct sequence of the formation process is (a) II - V - I - III - IV. Fossil fuels, including petroleum and natural gas, are produced from the organic matter of plants, algae, and bacteria that was buried and then subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years, transforming the biomass into hydrocarbons.