Final answer:
The term for the belief that one's own culture is superior to others is called ethnocentrism, which can lead to negative views towards other cultures and conflicts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The perception that one's own culture and customs are better or more natural than the culture of others is referred to as ethnocentrism. This attitude arises from a process known as enculturation, where individuals are brought up within their own culture's norms and values, leading to a natural valuation of these customs. While a high level of appreciation for one's own culture is healthy, excessive ethnocentrism can lead to disdain or dislike for other cultures, causing misunderstandings, stereotyping, and conflict.
Sociologist William Graham Sumner described ethnocentrism as the belief that one's own culture is better than all others. Examples of ethnocentric attitudes include considering foreign cultural practices as 'wrong' or inferior, or failing to realize that terms like the "Far East" are relative and based on one's own geographical perspective.