Final answer:
ASEAN helps unite Southeast Asia but can neglect the interests of ethnic and stateless groups, whose traditions and rights are often overshadowed by larger regional integration efforts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has been instrumental in giving Southeast Asia an identity and strengthening its position in the global geopolitical landscape and markets. However, its emphasis on regional unity can sometimes overshadow the diverse interests of various ethnic and stateless groups, resulting in their concerns being ignored or threatened. Economic integration within ASEAN connects member states with larger global networks, which can lead to marginalized positions for specific ethnic groups who may not benefit equally. These groups often find their traditions and rights overlooked in the quest for regional development.
Moreover, the focus on national and regional identity may come at the expense of the unique cultural, linguistic, and religious practices of smaller ethnic populations. For instance, ethnic groups such as the Rohingya in Myanmar find their interests compromised due to the prioritization of state-led agendas that align with broader ASEAN goals. Stateless groups may face similar issues due to lack of recognition and representation within the integrated frameworks that favor majority populations and the interests of nation-states.