Final answer:
Bacteria are unicellular microorganisms that are prokaryotic, can form spores for survival in harsh conditions, and some species can live without oxygen. Therefore, the correct option is a, d, e.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the information provided, to describe bacteria we could say that they are unicellular microorganisms which are prokaryotic, meaning their cells lack a true nucleus. Certain characteristics of bacteria include:
- Cell microorganisms: Bacteria are indeed single-celled organisms.
- May form spores: Some bacteria can produce endospores, which are resistant forms that allow the bacteria to survive in harsh conditions.
- Some can live without oxygen: There are anaerobic bacteria that do not require oxygen to live.
These points correspond to options A, D, and E from the multiple select question. Option B, describing 'a piece of genetic material surrounded by a coat of protein,' is not an accurate description of bacteria; this describes a virus. Bacteria can be found in almost every environment, adapting to a wide range of conditions, including extreme ones.