Final answer:
Governments raise revenue from commodity sales through (A) sales tax, (B) VAT, (C) export tariffs, and (E) income tax on commodity producers, but subsidies are a form of government expenditure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Governments raise money from the sales of commodities to help fund government services through several methods. Sales tax and Value-added tax (VAT) are two primary means by which governments levy taxes on the sale of goods and services. Export tariffs are taxes on goods sent out of a country, which can also generate revenue. Moreover, governments can collect income tax on the earnings of commodity producers.
However, subsidies are not a method of raising revenue; they are financial supports provided by the government to businesses, typically to lower the cost of production and encourage economic activity. It’s important to note that while taxes are necessary for funding government operations, they can impact economic behavior by affecting spending and investments.