Final answer:
The attack that induces a client to associate an IP address with a false MAC address is ARP spoofing, which involves sending fabricated ARP messages over a network.option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The attack that tricks a client into mapping an IP address to a spoofed MAC address is known as ARP spoofing. ARP, or Address Resolution Protocol, is a communication protocol used for discovering the link layer address, such as a MAC address, associated with a given internet layer address, typically an IPv4 address. This type of cyberattack is executed by sending false ARP messages over a local area network (LAN), which results in the linking of an attacker's MAC address with the IP address of a legitimate computer or server on the network. Once the attacker's MAC address is connected to an IP address through ARP spoofing, they can receive any data that was meant for the actual owner of that IP address.
For example, let's say the attacker wants to intercept the communication between a client with IP address 192.168.1.10 and a server with IP address 192.168.1.20. By sending forged ARP messages claiming that the attacker's MAC address is associated with the server's IP address, the attacker can redirect the client's traffic to their own machine.
ARP spoofing is a common attack method used by hackers to eavesdrop on network traffic, perform man-in-the-middle attacks, or launch various other types of cyber attacks.