Question

Which of the following accurately reflects the pathophysiology of Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1) A flexion-extension injury which results in damage to the vertebral artery; the cord is damaged by vascular disruption and subsequent ischemia and infarction
2) Results from hyperextension of the cervical spine resulting in motor weakness of the upper extremities
3) Occurs when nerve roots at the lower end of the spinal cord are compressed, interrupting sensation and motor control; nerve roots that control bladder and bowel function are especially vulnerable to injury
4) Caused by a penetrating injury that damages only one half of the cord; damage to one side results in sensory and motor loss to the ipsilateral side of the body

Answer 1

Brown-Séquard syndrome is caused by a penetrating injury that damages only one half of the spinal cord, resulting in sensory and motor loss to the ipsilateral side of the body.

Step-by-step explanation:

Brown-Séquard syndrome

Brown-Séquard syndrome is caused by a penetrating injury that damages only one half of the spinal cord. This injury results in sensory and motor loss to the ipsilateral (same side) of the body. For example, if the injury occurs on the right side of the spinal cord, there will be sensory and motor loss on the right side of the body.