Question

Which of the following have their valence electrons in the same shell?

o N
o As
o Bi He
o Ne
o F
o B
o Si
o Li

Answer 1

Elements with their valence electrons in the same shell typically belong to the same group on the periodic table, where they share similar electron configurations and chemical properties, especially within the s and p blocks.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question asks which of the following have their valence electrons in the same shell. Elements with a similar electron configuration in their valence shells tend to be in the same group (column) on the periodic table. For instance, elements in Group 1, like Hydrogen (H), Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), and Potassium (K), all have a single electron in the s orbital of their outermost shell. This configures them to possess similar chemical properties, which is a situation echoed across the periodic table.

The organization of electrons in atoms and their arrangement into shells is what underpins the periodic table's shape, revealing that elements in the same column share similar chemistries. It is essential to note that this is most strictly true for elements in the s and p blocks. While there are exceptions within the d and f blocks due to the complex order of filling subshells with electrons, general similarities still lead to expectations of comparable chemical properties.

Answer 2

Elements in the same group have the same valence electron configuration and similar chemical properties. Group 1 elements, also known as alkali metals, each have a single electron in their valence shell, leading to their chemical similarities.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's question pertains to which elements have their valence electrons in the same shell. Based on the information provided and the rules of the periodic table, elements in the same group (column) have the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties. Elements with a single electron in their valence shell belong to Group 1 of the periodic table, also known as the alkali metals.

This group includes hydrogen (H), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These elements all have a valence configuration of an s1 electron. For example, for lithium, the electron configuration in the valence shell would be 2s1, indicating one electron in the second shell's s subshell. The similarity in valence shell electron configurations within a group leads to similar chemical properties among these elements.